Electric Vehicles

 

Electric Vehicle

ØAn electric vehicle (EV) is a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors or traction motors for propulsion.

ØAn electric vehicle may be powered through a collector system by electricity from off-vehicle sources, or may be self-contained with a battery, solar panels, fuel cells or an electric generator to convert fuel to electricity.

ØEVs include, but are not limited to, road and rail vehicles, surface and underwater vessels, electric aircraft and electric spacecraft.

¢Type of EVs
1. Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)

ØHEVs are powered by both petrol and electricity

ØHEVs start off using the electric motor,

ØThe petrol engine cuts in as load or speed rises

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¢2. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)

ØPHEVs also known as Extended-Range Electric Vehicles (EREVs), this type of EV is powered by both petrol and electricity

ØThis technology depends on choice of primary energy source

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¢3. Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)

ØBEVs are fully electric vehicles, meaning they are only powered by electricity and do not have a petrol engine, fuel tank or exhaust pipe

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¢Main Parts of EV

ØMotor – SRM, BLDC, PMSM

ØBattery – Lead-acid, Li-Ion, Li-Po packs, Super Capacitors

ØDC-DC Converter

ØBattery Management System (BMS)

ØPower Control Unit (PCU)

ØPower Train System

¢Advantages & Disadvantages of Solar and Fuel-cell EVs

¢Solar EV

ØEco-friendly and Quiet

ØEnergy availability

ØNo fuel cost

ØSafe and proven

ØLow efficiency

ØDesign challenges

ØExpensive batteries

ØEnergy storage capacity

¢Fuel-Cell EV

ØEco-friendly and Quiet

ØH2 - Not readily available

ØHigh fuel cost & infrastructure

ØSafety (Dangerous than LPG/CNG)

ØHigh efficiency

ØReliable with small size

ØCost per mile is high ($0.21)

ØStorage Tanks

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¢Loading Specifications
(Report according to kitchen cell)

¢Electric Vehicle

¢Body Requirements

vTrolley – Carrier

7 * 7 (enclosed on 4 sides)

or

6 * 6 (enclosed on 2 sides)

¢Core Specifications

vMotor – 3KW @ 3600 rpm

vBattery – 48V, (20Ah with Li-Ion , 50 Ah with Lead-acid types )

vTorque – 32 Nm

vCalculated range: 10 Kms

vAverage Speed: 20 Km/hr